2023 Tax Rate
Schedule X—If your filing status is Single
| If your taxable income is: | The tax is: | ||
| Over— | But not over— | of the amount over— | |
| $0 | $11,000 | – – – – – – – 10% | $0 |
| 11,000 | 44,725 | $1,100.00 + 12% | 11,000 |
| 44,725 | 95,375 | 5,147.00 + 22% | 44,725 |
| 95,375 | 182,100 | 16,290.00 + 24% | 95,375 |
| 182,100 | 231,250 | 37,104.00 + 32% | 182,100 |
| 231,250 | 578,125 | 52,832.00 + 35% | 231,250 |
| 578,125 | – – – – – – – | 174,238.25 + 37% | 578,125 |
Schedule Y-1—If your filing status is Married filing jointly or Qualifying surviving spouse
| If your taxable income is: | The tax is: | ||
| $0 | $22,000 | – – – – – – – 10% | $0 |
| 22,000 | 89,450 | $2,200.00 + 12% | 22,000 |
| 89,450 | 190,750 | 10,294.00 + 22% | 89,450 |
| 190,750 | 364,200 | 32,580.00 + 24% | 190,750 |
| 364,200 | 462,500 | 74,208.00 + 32% | 364,200 |
| 462,500 | 693,750 | 105,664.00 + 35% | 462,500 |
| 693,750 | – – – – – – – | 186,601.50 + 37% | 693,750 |
Schedule Y-2—If your filing status is Married filing separately
| If your taxable income is: | The tax is: | ||
| $0 | $11,000 | – – – – – – – 10% | $0 |
| 11,000 | 44,725 | $1,100.00 + 12% | 11,000 |
| 44,725 | 95,375 | 5,147.00 + 22% | 44,725 |
| 95,375 | 182,100 | 16,290.00 + 24% | 95,375 |
| 182,100 | 231,250 | 37,104.00 + 32% | 182,100 |
| 231,250 | 346,875 | 52,832.00 + 35% | 231,250 |
| 346,875 | – – – – – – – | 93,300.75 + 37% | 346,875 |
Schedule Z—If your filing status is Head of household
| If your taxable income is: | The tax is: | ||
| $0 | $15,700 | – – – – – – – 10% | $0 |
| 15,700 | 59,850 | $1,570.00 + 12% | 15,700 |
| 59,850 | 95,350 | 6,868.00 + 22% | 59,850 |
| 95,350 | 182,100 | 14,678.00 + 24% | 95,350 |
| 182,100 | 231,250 | 35,498.00 + 32% | 182,100 |
| 231,250 | 578,100 | 51,226.00 + 35% | 231,250 |
| 578,100 | – – – – – – – | 172,623.50 + 37% | 578,100 |
2022 Tax Rates
| 2022 Tax Rates – Single Taxpayers – Standard Deduction $12,950 | |
|---|---|
| 10% | 0 to $10,275 |
| 12% | $10,275 to $41,775 |
| 22% | $41,775 to $89,075 |
| 24% | $89,075 to $170,050 |
| 32% | $170,050 to $215,950 |
| 35% | $215,950 to $539,900 |
| 37% | Over $539,900 |
| 2022 Tax Rates – Married Jointly & Surviving Spouses – Standard Deduction $25,900 | |
| 10% | 0 to $20,550 |
| 12% | $20,550 to $83,550 |
| 22% | $83,550 to $178,150 |
| 24% | $178,150 to $340,100 |
| 32% | $340,100 to $431,900 |
| 35% | $431,900 to $647,850 |
| 37% | Over $647,850 |
| 2022 Tax Rates – Married Filing Separately – Standard Deduction $12,950 | |
| 10% | 0 to $10,275 |
| 12% | $10,275 to $41,775 |
| 22% | $41,775 to $89,075 |
| 24% | $89,075 to $170,050 |
| 32% | $170,050 to $215,950 |
| 35% | $215,950 to $323,925 |
| 37% | Over $323,925 |
| 2022 Tax Rates – Head of Household – Standard Deduction $19,400 | |
| 10% | 0 to $14,650 |
| 12% | $14,650 to $55,900 |
| 22% | $55,900 to $89,050 |
| 24% | $89,050 to $170,050 |
| 32% | $170,050 to $215,950 |
| 35% | $215,950 to $539,900 |
| 37% | Over $539,900 |
| 2022 Tax Rates – Estates & Trusts | |
| 10% | 0 to $2,750 |
| 24% | $2,750 to $9,850 |
| 35% | $9,850 to $13,450 |
| 37% | Over $13,450 |
| Social Security | 2022 Tax Rates |
| Social Security Tax Rate: Employers | 6.20% |
| Social Security Tax Rate: Employees | 6.20% |
| Social Security Tax Rate: Self-Employed | 15.30% |
| Maximum Taxable Earnings | $147,000 |
| Medicare Base Salary | Unlimited |
| Medicare Tax Rate: Employers | 1.45% |
| Medicare Tax Rate: Employees | 1.45% |
| Additional Medicare Tax for income above $200,000 (single filers) or $250,000 (joint filers) | 0.90% |
| Medicare tax on net investment income ($200,000 single filers, $250,000 joint filers) | 3.80% |
| Miscellaneous | 2022 Tax Rates |
| Business expensing limit: Cap on equipment purchases | $2,700,000 |
| Business expensing limit: New and Used Equipment and Software | $1,080,000 |
| Qualified Business Income threshold amount: | $170,050 (single and head of household); $340,100 (married filing joint return) |
| Qualified Small Employer Health Reimbursement Arrangement limit: | $5,450 (single coverage); $11,050 (family coverage) |
| Prior-year safe harbor for estimated taxes of higher-income | 110% of your 2021 tax liability |
| Standard mileage rate for business driving | 62.5 (July 1-December 31, 2022) and 58.5 (January 1-June 30, 2022) |
| Standard mileage rate for medical driving | 22 (July 1-December 31, 2022) and 18 (January 1-June 30, 2022) |
| Standard mileage rate for moving driving – Members of the Armed Forces on active duty who move because of a permanent change of station | 22 (July 1-December 31, 2022) and 18 (January 1-June 30, 2022) |
| Standard mileage rate for charitable driving | 14 |
| Child Tax Credit | $3,000 to $3,600 |
| Unearned income maximum for children under 19 before kiddie tax applies | $1,150 |
| Maximum capital gains tax rate for taxpayers with income up to $41,675 for single filers, $83,350 for married filing jointly | 0% |
| Maximum capital gains tax rate for taxpayers with income above $41,675 for single filers, $83,350 for married filing jointly | 15% |
| Maximum capital gains tax rate for taxpayers with income above $459,750 for single filers, $517,200 for married filing jointly | 20% |
| Capital gains tax rate for unrecaptured Sec. 1250 gains | 25% |
| Capital gains tax rate on collectibles | 28% |
| Maximum contribution for Traditional/Roth IRA |
$6,000 if under age 50
$7,000 if 50 or older
|
| Maximum employee contribution to SIMPLE IRA |
$14,000 if under age 50
$17,000 if 50 or older
|
| Maximum Contribution to SEP IRA |
25% of eligible compensation
up to $61,000
|
| 401(k) maximum employee contribution limit |
$20,500 if under age 50
$27,000 if 50 or older
|
| Estate tax exemption | $12,060,000 |
| Annual Exclusion for Gifts | $16,000 |
| Education | |
| 2022 Tax Rates | |
| American Opportunity Credit (per student) | |
| $2,500 | |
| Lifetime Learning Credit (per return) | |
| $2,000 | |
| Student Loan Interest Deduction | |
| $2,500 | |
| Coverdell Education Savings Account Contribution | |
| $2,000 | |
| Source: IRS Revenue Procedure 2021-45 |
2021 Tax Rates
| 2021 Tax Rates – Single Taxpayers – Standard Deduction $12,550 | |
|---|---|
| 10% | 0 to $9,950 |
| 12% | $9,950 to $40,525 |
| 22% | $40,525 to $86,375 |
| 24% | $86,375 to $164,925 |
| 32% | $164,925 to $209,425 |
| 35% | $209,425 to $523,600 |
| 37% | Over $518,400 |
| 2021 Tax Rates – Married Jointly & Surviving Spouses – Standard Deduction $25,100 | |
| 10% | 0 to $19,900 |
| 12% | $19,900 to $81,050 |
| 22% | $81,050 to $172,750 |
| 24% | $172,750 to $329,850 |
| 32% | $329,850 to $418,850 |
| 35% | $418,850 to $628,300 |
| 37% | Over $628,300 |
| 2021 Tax Rates – Married Filing Separately– Standard Deduction $12,550 | |
| 10% | 0 to $9,950 |
| 12% | $9,950 to $40,525 |
| 22% | $40,525 to $86,375 |
| 24% | $86,355 to $164,925 |
| 32% | $164,925 to $209,425 |
| 35% | $209,425 to $314,150 |
| 37% | Over $314,150 |
| 2021 Tax Rates – Head of Household – Standard Deduction $18,800 | |
| 10% | 0 to $14,200 |
| 12% | $14,200 to $54,200 |
| 22% | $54,200 to $86,350 |
| 24% | $86,350 to $164,900 |
| 32% | $164,900 to $209,400 |
| 35% | $209,400 to $523,600 |
| 37% | Over $523,600 |
| 2021 Tax Rates – Estates & Trusts | |
| 10% | 0 to $2,650 |
| 24% | $2,650 to $9,550 |
| 35% | $9,550 to $13,050 |
| 37% | Over $13,050 |
| Social Security | 2021 Tax Rates |
| Social Security Tax Rate: Employers | 6.20% |
| Social Security Tax Rate: Employees | 6.20% |
| Social Security Tax Rate: Self-Employed | 15.30% |
| Maximum Taxable Earnings | $142800 |
| Medicare Base Salary | Unlimited |
| Medicare Tax Rate: Employers | 1.45% |
| Medicare Tax Rate: Employees | 1.45% |
| Additional Medicare Tax for income above $200,000 (single filers) or $250,000 (joint filers) | 0.90% |
| Medicare tax on net investment income ($200,000 single filers, $250,000 joint filers) | 3.80% |
| Education | 2021 Tax Rates |
| American Opportunity Credit (Hope) | |
| Lifetime Learning Credit | |
| Student Loan Interest Deduction | |
| Coverdell Education Savings Contribution | |
| Source: IRS Revenue Procedure 2020-45 |
2020 Tax Rates
| 2020 Tax Rates – Single Taxpayers – Standard Deduction $12,400 | |
|---|---|
| 10% | 0 to $9,875 |
| 12% | $9,875 to $40,125 |
| 22% | $40,125 to $85,525 |
| 24% | $85,525 to $163,300 |
| 32% | $163,300 to $207,350 |
| 35% | $207,350 to $518,400 |
| 37% | Over $518,400 |
| 2020 Tax Rates – Married Jointly & Surviving Spouses – Standard Deduction $24,800 | |
| 10% | 0 to $19,750 |
| 12% | $19,750 to $80,250 |
| 22% | $80,250 to $171,050 |
| 24% | $171,050 to $326,600 |
| 32% | $326,600 to $414,700 |
| 35% | $414,700 to $622,050 |
| 37% | Over $622,050 |
| 2020 Tax Rates – Married Filing Separately – | |
| 10% | 0 to $9,875 |
| 12% | $9,875 to $40,125 |
| 22% | $40,125 to $85,525 |
| 24% | $85,525 to $163,300 |
| 32% | $163,300 to $207,350 |
| 35% | $207,350 to $311,025 |
| 37% | Over $311,025 |
| 2020 Tax Rates – Head of Household – Standard Deduction $18,650 | |
| 10% | 0 to $14,100 |
| 12% | $14,100 to $53,700 |
| 22% | $53,700 to $85,500 |
| 24% | $85,500 to $163,300 |
| 32% | $163,300 to $207,350 |
| 35% | $207,350 to $518,400 |
| 37% | Over $518,400 |
| 2020 Tax Rates – Estates & Trusts | |
| 10% | 0 to $2,600 |
| 24% | $2,600 to $9,450 |
| 35% | $9,450 to $12,950 |
| 37% | Over $12,950 |
| Social Security | 2020 Tax Rates |
| Social Security Tax Rate: Employers | 6.20% |
| Social Security Tax Rate: Employees | 6.20% |
| Social Security Tax Rate: Self-Employed | 15.30% |
| Maximum Taxable Earnings | $137,700 |
| Medicare Base Salary | Unlimited |
| Medicare Tax Rate: Employers | 1.45% |
| Medicare Tax Rate: Employees | 1.45% |
| Additional Medicare Tax for income above $200,000 (single filers) or $250,000 (joint filers) | 0.90% |
| Medicare tax on net investment income ($200,000 single filers, $250,000 joint filers) | 3.80% |
| Miscellaneous | 2020 Tax Rates |
| Business expensing limit: Cap on equipment purchases | $2,590,000 |
| Business expensing limit: New and Used Equipment and Software | $1,040,000 |
| Qualified Business Income threshold amount: | $163,300 (single and head of household); $326,600 (married filing joint return) |
| Qualified Small Employer Health Reimbursement Arrangement limit: | $5,250 (single coverage); $10,450 (family coverage) |
| Prior-year safe harbor for estimated taxes of higher-income | 110% of your 2019 tax liability |
| Standard mileage rate for business driving | 57.5 cents |
| Standard mileage rate for medical driving | 17 cents |
| Standard mileage rate for moving driving – Members of the Armed Forces on active duty who move because of a permanent change of station | 17 cents |
| Standard mileage rate for charitable driving | 14 cents |
| Child Tax Credit | $2,000 |
| Unearned income maximum for children under 19 before kiddie tax applies | $1,100 |
| Maximum capital gains tax rate for taxpayers with income up to $40,000 for single filers, $80,000 for married filing jointly | 0% |
| Maximum capital gains tax rate for taxpayers with income above $40,000 for single filers, $80,000 for married filing jointly | 15% |
| Maximum capital gains tax rate for taxpayers with income above $441,450 for single filers, $496,600 for married filing jointly | 20% |
| Capital gains tax rate for unrecaptured Sec. 1250 gains | 25% |
| Capital gains tax rate on collectibles | 28% |
| Maximum contribution for Traditional/Roth IRA |
$6,000 if under age 50
$7,000 if 50 or older
|
| Maximum employee contribution to SIMPLE IRA |
$13,500 if under age 50
$16,500 if 50 or older
|
| Maximum Contribution to SEP IRA |
25% of eligible compensation
up to $57,000
|
| 401(k) maximum employee contribution limit |
$19,500 if under age 50
$26,000 if 50 or older
|
| Estate tax exemption | $11,580,000 |
| Annual Exclusion for Gifts | $15,000 |
| Education | 2020 Tax Rates |
| American Opportunity Credit (Hope) | $2,500 |
| Lifetime Learning Credit | $2,000 |
| Student Loan Interest Deduction | $2,500 |
| Coverdell Education Savings Contribution | $2,000 |
| Source: IRS Revenue Procedure 2019-44 |
2019 Tax Rates
| 2019 Tax Rates – Single Taxpayers – Standard Deduction $12,200 | |
|---|---|
| 10% | 0 to $9,700 |
| 12% | $9,700 to $39,475 |
| 22% | $39,475 to $84,200 |
| 24% | $84,200 to $160,725 |
| 32% | $160,725 to $204,100 |
| 35% | $204,100 to $510,300 |
| 37% | Over $510,300 |
| 2019 Tax Rates – Married Jointly & Surviving Spouses – Standard Deduction $24,400 | |
| 10% | 0 to $19,400 |
| 12% | $19,400 to $78,950 |
| 22% | $78,950 to $168,400 |
| 24% | $168,400 to $321,450 |
| 32% | $321,450 to $408,200 |
| 35% | $408,200 to $612,350 |
| 37% | Over $612,350 |
| 2019 Tax Rates – Married Filing Separately – Standard Deduction $12,200 | |
| 10% | 0 to $9,700 |
| 12% | $9,700 to $39,475 |
| 22% | $39,475 to $84,200 |
| 24% | $84,200 to $160,725 |
| 32% | $160,725 to $204,100 |
| 35% | $204,100 to $306,175 |
| 37% | Over $306,175 |
| 2019 Tax Rates – Head of Household – Standard Deduction $18,350 | |
| 10% | 0 to $13,850 |
| 12% | $13,850 to $52,850 |
| 22% | $52,850 to $84,200 |
| 24% | $84,200 to $160,700 |
| 32% | $160,700 to $204,100 |
| 35% | $204,100 to $510,300 |
| 37% | Over $510,300 |
| 2019 Tax Rates – Estates & Trusts | |
| 10% | 0 to $2,600 |
| 24% | $2,600 to $9,300 |
| 35% | $9,300 to $12,750 |
| 37% | Over $12,750 |
| Social Security | 2019 Tax Rates |
| Social Security Tax Rate: Employers | 6.20% |
| Social Security Tax Rate: Employees | 6.20% |
| Social Security Tax Rate: Self-Employed | 15.30% |
| Maximum Taxable Earnings | $132,900 |
| Medicare Base Salary | Unlimited |
| Medicare Tax Rate: Employers | 1.45% |
| Medicare Tax Rate: Employees | 1.45% |
| Additional Medicare Tax for income above $200,000 (single filers) or $250,000 (joint filers) | 0.90% |
| Medicare tax on net investment income ($200,000 single filers, $250,000 joint filers) | 3.80% |
| Miscellaneous | 2019 Tax Rates |
| Business expensing limit: Cap on equipment purchases | $2,550,000 |
| Business expensing limit: New and Used Equipment and Software | $1,020,000 |
| Qualified Business Income threshold amount: | $160,700 (single and head of household); $321,400 (married filing joint return) |
| Qualified Small Employer Health Reimbursement Arrangement limit: | $5,150 (single coverage); $10,450 (family coverage) |
| Prior-year safe harbor for estimated taxes of higher-income | 110% of your 2018 tax liability |
| Standard mileage rate for business driving | 58 cents |
| Standard mileage rate for medical driving | 20 cents |
| Standard mileage rate for moving driving – Members of the Armed Forces on active duty who move because of a permanent change of station | 20 cents |
| Standard mileage rate for charitable driving | 14 cents |
| Child Tax Credit | $2,000 |
| Unearned income maximum for children under 19 before kiddie tax applies | $1,100 |
| Maximum capital gains tax rate for taxpayers with income up to $41,675 for single filers, $83,350 for married filing jointly | 0% |
| Maximum capital gains tax rate for taxpayers with income above $41,675 for single filers, $83,350 for married filing jointly | 15% |
| Maximum capital gains tax rate for taxpayers with income above $459,750 for single filers, $517,200 for married filing jointly | 20% |
| Capital gains tax rate for unrecaptured Sec. 1250 gains | 25% |
| Capital gains tax rate on collectibles | 28% |
| Maximum contribution for Traditional/Roth IRA |
$6,000 if under age 50
$7,000 if 50 or older
|
| Maximum employee contribution to SIMPLE IRA |
$13,000 if under age 50
$16,000 if 50 or older
|
| Maximum Contribution to SEP IRA |
25% of eligible compensation
up to $56,000
|
| 401(k) maximum employee contribution limit |
$19,000 if under age 50
$25,000 if 50 or older
|
| Estate tax exemption | $11,400,000 |
| Annual Exclusion for Gifts | $15,000 |
| Education | 2019 Tax Rates |
| American Opportunity Credit (Hope) | $2,500 |
| Lifetime Learning Credit | $2,000 |
| Student Loan Interest Deduction | $2,500 |
| Coverdell Education Savings Contribution | $2,000 |
| Source: IRS Revenue Procedure 2018-57 |
2018 Tax Rates
| 2018 Tax Rates – Single Taxpayers – Standard Deduction $12,000 | |
|---|---|
| 10% | 0 to $9,525 |
| 12% | $9,525 to $38,700 |
| 22% | $38,700 to $82,500 |
| 24% | $82,500 to $157,500 |
| 32% | $157,500 to $200,000 |
| 35% | $200,000 to $500,000 |
| 37% | Over $500,000 |
| 2018 Tax Rates – Married Jointly & Surviving Spouses – Standard Deduction $24,000 | |
| 10% | 0 to $19,050 |
| 12% | $19,050 to $77,400 |
| 22% | $77,400 to $165,000 |
| 24% | $165,000 to $315,000 |
| 32% | $315,000 to $400,000 |
| 35% | $400,000 to $600,000 |
| 37% | Over $600,000 |
| 2018 Tax Rates – Married Filing Separately – Standard Deduction $12,000 | |
| 10% | 0 to $9,525 |
| 12% | $9,525 to $38,700 |
| 22% | $38,700 to $82,500 |
| 24% | $82,500 to $157,500 |
| 32% | $157,500 to $200,000 |
| 35% | $200,000 to $300,000 |
| 37% | Over $300,000 |
| 2018 Tax Rates – Head of Household – Standard Deduction $18,000 | |
| 10% | 0 to $13,600 |
| 12% | $13,600 to $51,800 |
| 22% | $51,800 to $82,500 |
| 24% | $82,500 to $157,500 |
| 32% | $157,500 to $200,000 |
| 35% | $200,000 to $500,000 |
| 37% | Over $500,000 |
| 2018 Tax Rates – Estates & Trusts | |
| 10% | 0 to $2,550 |
| 24% | $2,550 to $9,150 |
| 35% | $9,150 to $12,500 |
| 37% | Over $12,500 |
| Social Security | 2018 Tax Rates |
| Social Security Tax Rate: Employers | 6.20% |
| Social Security Tax Rate: Employees | 6.20% |
| Social Security Tax Rate: Self-Employed | 15.30% |
| Maximum Taxable Earnings | $128,400 |
| Medicare Base Salary | Unlimited |
| Medicare Tax Rate: Employers | 1.45% |
| Medicare Tax Rate: Employees | 1.45% |
| Additional Medicare Tax for income above $200,000 (single filers) or $250,000 (joint filers) | 0.90% |
| Medicare tax on net investment income ($200,000 single filers, $250,000 joint filers) | 3.80% |
| Miscellaneous | 2018 Tax Rates |
| Business expensing limit: Cap on equipment purchases | $2,500,000 |
| Business expensing limit: New and Used Equipment and Software | $1,000,000 |
| Prior-year safe harbor for estimated taxes of higher-income | 110% of your 2018 tax liability |
| Standard mileage rate for business driving | 54.5 cents |
| Standard mileage rate for medical driving | 18 cents |
| Standard mileage rate for moving driving – Members of the Armed Forces on active duty who move because of a permanent change of station | 18 cents |
| Standard mileage rate for charitable driving | 14 cents |
| Child Tax Credit | $2,000 |
| Unearned income maximum for children under 19 before kiddie tax applies | $1,050 |
| Maximum capital gains tax rate for taxpayers with income up to $41,675 for single filers, $83,350 for married filing jointly | 0% |
| Maximum capital gains tax rate for taxpayers with income above $41,675 for single filers, $83,350 for married filing jointly | 15% |
| Maximum capital gains tax rate for taxpayers with income above $459,750 for single filers, $517,200 for married filing jointly | 20% |
| Capital gains tax rate for unrecaptured Sec. 1250 gains | 25% |
| Capital gains tax rate on collectibles | 28% |
| Maximum contribution for Traditional/Roth IRA |
$5,500 if under age 50
$6,500 if 50 or older
|
| Maximum employee contribution to SIMPLE IRA |
$12,000 if under age 50
$15,500 if 50 or older
|
| Maximum Contribution to SEP IRA |
25% of eligible compensation
up to $55,000
|
| 401(k) maximum employee contribution limit |
$18,500 if under age 50
$24,500 if 50 or older
|
| Estate tax exemption | $11,180,000 |
| Annual Exclusion for Gifts | $15,000 |
| Education | 2018 Tax Rates |
| American Opportunity Credit (Hope) | $2,500 |
| Lifetime Learning Credit | $2,000 |
| Student Loan Interest Deduction | $2,500 |
| Coverdell Education Savings Contribution | $2,000 |
| Source: IRS |